Amazon Glossary

First Party (1P) is when Amazon buys products directly from a brand or distributor and sells them as a retailer under its own name. 

Third Party (3P) means you're a seller using Amazon's marketplace to sell directly to customers — not to Amazon itself. 

3PL refers to an outside company that handles storage, packing, and shipping for your products - instead of doing it yourself. 

 A Third-Party Seller (3PS) is an independent business or individual that sells products directly to customers on Amazon's marketplace. 

 A 3Y JBP is a long-term business growth plan made between a vendor and Amazon, aligning goals over the next 3 years. 

A2Z Guarantee is Amazon’s buyer protection program that helps customers get a refund if something goes wrong with their order - especially from third-party sellers. 

A9 is the name for Amazon’s search algorithm - it decides which products show up when a shopper types in a search. 

Amazon Advertising (AA) is Amazon’s platform that lets sellers and brands pay to promote their products on and off Amazon. 

Amazon Business (AB) is a version of Amazon designed for companies, where sellers can sell in bulk and offer business-only pricing to registered business buyers. 

AB GV shows how many times business buyers viewed your product listing on Amazon - it’s like impressions, but for business customers only. 

Amazon Brand View Pro (ABVP) is an advanced analytics tool that helps brands track their performance and visibility on Amazon across ads, search, and competitors.

Acapulco is Amazon’s internal term for ordering and processing full pallets of products - used in vendor logistics and large-scale replenishment. 

A+ Content is a premium product page layout that lets brand owners add enhanced images, charts, and custom text to make their listings look more professional. 

ACoS shows how much you spend on ads to make a dollar in sales. It’s your ad cost divided by your ad revenue. 

ACT stands for Actuals - it means the real, final numbers for sales, spend, or performance, not forecasts or estimates. 

ACU  (Average Cost per Unit) shows the average price Amazon paid you per unit of product over a certain time period. 

ADV stands for Advertising - it’s shorthand for all your paid marketing activities on and off Amazon. 

AGS stands for Amazon Global Store - it lets customers buy products from other countries on Amazon as if they were shopping locally. 

AITBB (Anything In The Buy Box) means showing your ad only when your product - or any product you sell - is in the Buy Box on Amazon. 

AMC is a powerful analytics tool from Amazon that lets advertisers run custom reports and get deep insights across their campaigns using raw, event-level data. 

AMG was the original name for Amazon’s advertising division - now it’s simply called Amazon Ads. 

AMP is a paid marketing bundle that vendors can buy from Amazon to boost product visibility through ads, deals, and premium placements. 

AMS was Amazon’s original self-service ad platform - now called Sponsored Ads. 

AMZ, AMZN, or AZ are just shorthand ways to refer to Amazon - used in emails, reports, and industry slang. 

AMZL stands for Amazon Logistics — it’s Amazon’s own delivery network that handles the “last mile” to the customer’s door. 

AMZNCC - Amazon Carton Content Code. External Container ID to label cartons to be sent to Amazon and generated via Vendor Central.

Andon Cord is a system where Amazon pauses a product listing if there are serious customer complaints - like safety issues or repeated damage - until the problem is fixed.

AOC (Amazon Owned Carrier) means Amazon picks up the order from the vendor’s warehouse using their own shipping carrier, instead of the vendor choosing a carrier. 

AP (Accounts Payable) means the money Amazon owes you as a vendor — it’s your outstanding payments waiting to be processed and paid. 

APB stands for Amazon Private Business - it refers to Amazon’s internal or confidential business divisions, operations, or strategic initiatives not publicly disclosed. 

 An API (Application Programming Interface) is a digital bridge that lets different software systems talk to each other — like your system sending product or inventory data directly to Amazon. 

APR shows the real yearly cost of borrowing money - including interest and fees - expressed as a percentage. 

AR stands for Amazon Resale, a program where Amazon sells returned, used, or slightly damaged items at a discount through special listings.

ARA is a reporting dashboard in Vendor Central that shows your sales, inventory, and traffic data - so you can track how your products perform on Amazon. 

ARAP (Amazon Retail Analytics Premium) was the paid version of Amazon’s analytics tool for vendors - it gave deeper insights into customer behavior and traffic, but has now been replaced by more modern tools. 

ARN (Amazon Reference Number) is a shipping reference number Amazon assigns to a Collect (WePay) shipment - it must be included on freight paperwork for delivery to be accepted. 

ASIN (Amazon Standard Identification Number) is Amazon’s unique product ID - every product on Amazon has its own ASIN to track listings, prices, reviews, and inventory. 

ASN is a shipment notice you send to Amazon before your products arrive - it tells them what’s coming, how much, and when to expect it. 

ASP (Average Selling Price) tells you the average price your product sells for, based on total revenue divided by the number of units sold. 

ATC stands for Add to Cart - it tracks how many times shoppers clicked the "Add to Cart" button for your product. 

ATS (Amazon Transportation Services) is Amazon’s in-house freight service that handles the transportation of products from vendors to Amazon’s fulfillment centers. 

AVN (Annual Vendor Negotiation) is the yearly process where Amazon and vendors meet to agree on pricing, terms, and joint plans for the next 12 months. 

AVS  (Amazon Vendor Services) is a paid support program where Amazon assigns you a dedicated account manager to help you improve operations, fix catalog issues, and grow your vendor business. 

AW stands for Amazon Warehouse, a program where Amazon sells returned, pre-owned, or open-box items at a discounted price - often referred to as Amazon Warehouse Deals.

AWS  (Amazon Web Services) is Amazon’s cloud computing platform that provides servers, storage, databases, AI, and other services businesses use to build and scale applications. 

B2B on Amazon refers to selling products specifically to business customers - such as companies, schools, or government agencies - through the Amazon Business platform. 

B2C  (Business-to-Consumer)  means selling products directly to individual customers - the typical Amazon shopping experience. 

B2R, or Born to Run, is a program that lets vendors propose an initial bulk purchase order from Amazon for new product launches - helping speed up distribution and visibility.

BA, or Brand Analytics, is a dashboard available to brand-registered sellers and vendors that provides insights into how their brand performs across the Amazon marketplace - beyond just their own account. 

BAU, or Business as Usual, refers to the normal, day-to-day operations and processes within Amazon or a seller’s business — outside of special events, launches, or disruptions. 

 The Buy Box is the section on an Amazon product page where customers click “Add to Cart” or “Buy Now.” Winning the Buy Box means your offer is the default one selected when a customer makes a purchase. 

 A Best Deal is a time-limited promotional discount on Amazon that typically runs for several days to a few weeks and appears with a special badge on the product detail page. 

Black Friday Week (BFW) refers to the promotional period on Amazon leading up to Black Friday, where major deals are featured to drive early holiday shopping traffic. 

BISS is an Amazon product category focused on serving the needs of industrial, commercial, and scientific buyers with specialized equipment and supplies. 

BOGO is a promotional deal on Amazon where customers receive an additional product for free or at a discount when they purchase a qualifying item - commonly used to boost sales and product visibility. 

BOL (Bill of Lading)  is a legal shipping document that confirms a carrier has received goods for transport and outlines the terms of their delivery, serving as both a receipt and a contract. 

Brand Analytics is a dashboard in Amazon Brand Registry that gives brand owners insights into customer behavior, search trends, and competitive performance. 

Brand Registry is Amazon’s program that allows brand owners to verify and protect their intellectual property while unlocking enhanced tools for analytics, content, and brand control. 

Brand Store is a free, customizable storefront on Amazon that allows brands to showcase their products, storytelling, and branding in one dedicated space. 

 A Browse Node is a unique numerical ID that represents a specific product category or subcategory on Amazon. 

Best Seller (BS) refers to a product that ranks #1 in its category or subcategory based on recent sales performance on Amazon. 

A Brand Specialist is an Amazon employee who supports 1P vendors by helping them manage their catalog, drive growth, and improve operational efficiency on Amazon.

BSR  (Best Seller Rank) is a ranking number assigned to products on Amazon that reflects how well they’re selling compared to others in the same category - the lower the number, the better the sales.

 BTP  (Brand Tailored Promotions)  is a Seller Central tool that lets brand-registered sellers create targeted discounts for specific customer segments - like repeat buyers or recent visitors. 

 Born to Run (BTR) is a Vendor Central program that lets 1P vendors proactively request an initial inventory order from Amazon for newly launched products. 

BTS (Back to School) refers to the seasonal retail period on Amazon focused on school-related shopping, typically running from mid-July through early September.

 A bundle on Amazon is a group of individual products, each with its own identifier (EAN/ASIN), combined and sold as one single listing under a unique ASIN. 

The Buy Box is the section on an Amazon product detail page where customers can click “Add to Cart” or “Buy Now” - it determines which seller’s offer is featured for purchase.

Buy with Prime (BWP) is a service that enables brands to offer Amazon Prime benefits - like fast, free shipping and easy returns - directly on their own websites using Amazon’s fulfillment and checkout. 

BWS refers to the Beer, Wine & Spirits category on Amazon, which includes alcoholic beverages and related products, subject to local laws and restrictions. 

CAGR is a financial metric that shows the mean annual growth rate of a value (such as sales or revenue) over a period of time, assuming the growth happens at a steady rate. 

CARP is Amazon’s online portal used by carriers and vendors to schedule delivery appointments to Amazon fulfillment centers. 

 A Category Page is a dedicated landing page within the Amazon marketplace that displays a curated selection of products from a specific product group, such as Beauty, Electronics, or Home & Kitchen. 

 A Chargeback is a financial penalty Amazon imposes on vendors or sellers for failing to comply with its operational standards - such as late deliveries, incorrect packaging, or missing documentation.

 A Child ASIN is a product variation grouped under a single Parent ASIN on Amazon - typically differing by size, color, flavor, or other attributes. 

Chime is Amazon’s official communication platform for messaging, video conferencing, and calling - used by Amazon employees, vendors, and brand partners. 

CIV stands for Customer Instock Value - a metric used to measure the total sales value of products available for immediate purchase by customers on Amazon. 

Climate Pledge Friendly is Amazon’s initiative that highlights products meeting sustainability certifications to help customers easily find eco-friendly options. 

Contribution Margin (CM) is a profitability metric that shows how much revenue remains after covering variable costs — helping assess product-level performance on Amazon. 

Centre of Excellence (COE) refers to a specialized Amazon team or function that centralizes best practices, expertise, and strategic support in a specific operational or business area. 

COGS refers to the direct costs associated with producing or purchasing the goods that were sold during a specific time period. 

Concessions refer to the total dollar amount that Amazon has refunded or credited back to customers due to issues like product defects, late deliveries, or dissatisfaction.

Contra COGS refers to the financial contributions vendors provide to Amazon that offset the cost of goods sold (COGS). These are often part of negotiated trade terms and reduce Amazon’s net purchase cost for a product. 

Co-op, short for cooperative marketing, refers to marketing and advertising programs where Amazon and vendors share the costs to promote products - often automatically managed via Vendor Central. 

 A Coupon on Amazon - also called a Vendor Powered Coupon (VPC) - is a promotional tool that vendors and sellers use to offer customers a discount. Customers see and redeem these coupons directly on the product detail page. 

CPC (Cost per Click) is the amount Amazon charges an advertiser each time a shopper clicks on their ad within Amazon's advertising ecosystem.

Contribution Profit (CP) refers to the actual dollar amount earned from a product after subtracting all variable costs, representing the profit that contributes to covering fixed costs and overall profitability. 

Cost Price (CP) refers to the amount a seller or vendor pays to acquire a product before any markup or margin is added. 

Climate Pledge Friendly (CPF) is Amazon’s program that highlights products with sustainability certifications to help customers easily discover eco-friendly options. 

CPI stands for Cost Price Increase, referring to a vendor's request to raise the wholesale price at which they sell their product to Amazon. 

CPPU stands for Contribution Profit Per Unit, which measures how much profit a brand earns from each unit sold after subtracting all variable costs. 

CPQ stands for Case Pack Quantity, which refers to the number of units of a product packed together in one case or carton when shipping to Amazon. 

CPS stands for Commercial, Public, and Strategic Accounts, a segmentation used by Amazon to classify large-scale institutional customers within Amazon Business. 

CR stands for Confirmation Rate, which measures the percentage of purchase orders that vendors confirm within a given timeframe on Amazon Vendor Central. 

CRAP refers to products that Amazon deems unprofitable to sell and may stop ordering or suppress from search results. 

CS stands for Customer Service - Amazon’s support operations that handle customer inquiries, issues, and post-purchase concerns. 

CSA stands for Cost Support Agreement - a financial agreement between a vendor and Amazon where the vendor agrees to support certain costs to maintain competitive pricing or profitability. 

CSM stands for Customer Success Manager - a role at Amazon or within service providers where a dedicated person supports sellers or vendors in achieving their business goals on the platform. 

CTC stands for Contribution to Change - a metric used to analyze how individual factors (like products, brands, or campaigns) impact overall business performance trends on Amazon. 

CTR stands for Click-through Rate - a key advertising metric on Amazon that shows how often people click on your ad after seeing it. It is calculated as:
CTR = (Clicks ÷ Impressions) × 100%

CVR stands for Conversion Rate - the percentage of users who complete a desired action (usually a purchase) after clicking on your product listing or ad. 

 CX stands for Customer Experience - the overall perception a customer has of your brand, based on all interactions before, during, and after purchase.

CXD stands for Cross Dock - a logistics process where products are shipped directly from suppliers to Amazon fulfillment centers with minimal or no storage at intermediate facilities. 

CY stands for Calendar Year, referring to the 12-month period from January 1 to December 31. 

D2FC stands for Delivery-To-Fulfillment Center - a metric that tracks the percentage of units received at Amazon's warehouse that had booking or transit-related defects. 

Damage Allowance (DA) refers to a financial agreement where vendors give Amazon a discount or credit to cover expected damages or losses during storage, handling, or transit.

Deal OPS refers to the revenue generated through promotional activities and discount campaigns run with Amazon, such as Lightning Deals, Best Deals, or Coupons. 

Direct Fulfilment (DF) is a 1P (first-party) program where vendors ship products directly to Amazon customers on behalf of Amazon, instead of sending inventory to Amazon warehouses first. 

Direct Import (DI) refers to a supply chain model where Amazon purchases products directly from international vendors and imports them into the destination country without using local intermediaries. 

Discretionary Marketing Funds (DMF) are marketing budgets provided by Amazon to vendors, used at Amazon’s discretion to support promotional activities. 

Deal of the Day (DOTD) is a high-visibility Amazon promotion where a product is featured with a deep discount for up to 24 hours, typically during major sales events. It is now often referred to as a Top Deal. 

DP (Detail Page) refers to the product page of an ASIN on Amazon, where customers view key information like images, title, price, reviews, bullet points, and Buy Box. 

DPV stands for Detail Page Views - the number of times a product’s detail page is viewed within a given time frame. 

DSI, or Down Stream Impact, is a metric used by Amazon to estimate how a product, feature, or service indirectly drives additional customer spending across the Amazon ecosystem. 

DSP stands for Demand Side Platform - Amazon’s programmatic advertising platform that allows brands to buy and manage display and video ads both on and off Amazon. 

EAN is a globally recognized barcode standard used to uniquely identify retail products based on manufacturer, product type, and packaging. 

EBC refers to Enhanced Brand Content - a feature that allows brand-registered third-party sellers on Amazon to customize their product detail pages with rich images, formatted text, and comparison charts. It is the seller-side equivalent of A+ Content used by vendors.

ECDD stands for Estimated Cargo Delivery Date - the projected date when a shipment is expected to arrive at its destination, such as an Amazon fulfillment center or warehouse. 

EDD stands for Estimated Delivery Date - the date by which a customer is expected to receive their order placed on Amazon. 

EDI stands for Electronic Data Interchange - a standardized digital method that allows businesses to exchange documents like purchase orders, invoices, and shipment confirmations electronically. 

EDIFACT is a standardized EDI message format used globally for electronic data exchange. Amazon supports it primarily for retail vendors in the EMEA region, as well as in Australia and Brazil. 

EFN allows sellers using Amazon FBA to store their inventory in one European country and fulfill orders across other Amazon European marketplaces from that single location. 

EOD stands for End of Day, commonly used to refer to a business day's close or a task deadline by the end of working hours. 

EOM stands for End of Month, typically referring to the final calendar day of the month, often used for reporting, payments, and planning deadlines. 

EPOS stands for Electronic Point of Sale System, a digital system used to process sales transactions and manage retail operations. 

ERP stands for Enterprise Resource Planning - a type of software that businesses use to manage core processes such as inventory, finance, supply chain, procurement, and operations. 

EVM stands for Emerging Vendor Management - an Amazon Retail programme designed to support and grow new or small vendors on the platform.

FBA stands for Fulfilment by Amazon - a programme where third-party (3P) sellers store their products in Amazon’s warehouses, and Amazon handles storage, shipping, customer service, and returns. 

FBM stands for Fulfilled by Merchant - a selling method where third-party (3P) sellers list products on Amazon but handle storage, shipping, and customer service themselves.

FC stands for Fulfilment Centre - Amazon’s large-scale warehouses where inventory is stored, processed, and shipped to customers. 

FCA stands for Free Carrier for Air - an Incoterm where Amazon assumes responsibility for the freight and supply chain starting from the vendor’s factory, typically used for air shipments originating in China. 

FCF stands for Free Cash Flow - the amount of cash a business generates after accounting for capital expenditures, used to measure financial health and flexibility. 

FCST stands for Forecast - a prediction of future demand, sales, or inventory needs based on historical data and market trends. 

FFP stands for Frustration-Free Packaging - an Amazon initiative focused on minimizing waste and improving the customer unboxing experience with easy-to-open, recyclable packaging. 

FLOW stands for Forward-Looking Order Workflow - a type of Amazon purchase order that includes a scheduled shipping window in the future, used primarily for high-demand or best-selling products. 

FNSKU is a unique identifier Amazon assigns to products stored and shipped through its Fulfilment by Amazon (FBA) network. It links the item to a specific seller.

FOB is a shipping term used in Amazon’s Direct Import model, meaning the vendor covers all costs until the goods are loaded onto the vessel at the agreed port of departure. 

FOPV refers to the number of views a product’s detail page receives when the product is the Featured Offer (previously called the Buy Box). 

FRE refers to Amazon’s automated mechanism that refreshes Purchase Order (PO) forecasts when major supply or demand shifts occur. 

FTE stands for Full-Time Employee - a standard unit of measurement to represent one full-time worker’s workload. 

FTL stands for Full Truck Load - a shipping method where a single shipment fills an entire truck, or the shipper pays for exclusive use of the truck.

FY stands for Full Year - a 12-month accounting period used to measure financial and operational performance.

Gated Product refers to a product category or brand that is restricted and requires approval before 3P sellers can list and sell it on Amazon. 

GDSN is a standardized network that enables suppliers to automatically share and synchronize product data with Amazon and other retailers in real time. 

GEMBA refers to a business process review, typically conducted by Amazon and the vendor, to observe and improve real-world operations - especially in supply chain workflows. 

GIPE stands for Global Imports Program Expansion - an Amazon initiative aimed at scaling and optimizing the direct import of goods from international vendors into Amazon’s global fulfilment network. 

GL stands for General Ledger - Amazon’s internal financial categorization that tracks the profit and loss (P&L) of major product categories like Home, Beauty, or Consumer Electronics.

Glance Views refer to the number of times a product’s detail page is viewed by customers - essentially, the product’s impressions on Amazon. 

GLN stands for Global Location Number - a unique 13-digit identifier used to specify a physical location, company, or business entity in global supply chain operations. 

GMM stands for Guaranteed Minimum Margin - a financial agreement where Amazon ensures it will achieve a minimum profit margin on a vendor’s products, regardless of actual sales performance. 

GMS stands for Gross Merchandise Sales - the total dollar value of all products sold through Amazon, before any deductions like returns, shipping costs, or fees.

GMV stands for Gross Merchandising Value - the total sales value of merchandise sold through Amazon’s marketplace before deductions like returns, discounts, or fees.

Goldbox refers to Amazon’s dedicated page for time-limited deals and promotions, including Lightning Deals, Deal of the Day, and Best Deals.

GPE stands for Global Procurement Excellence - an internal Amazon program focused on optimizing vendor negotiations, purchasing processes, and cost efficiencies across global retail operations. 

GPE stands for Global Program Expansion - Amazon’s initiative to scale programs, tools, and business models across new international markets or regions. 

GPO stands for Global Procurement Organization - Amazon’s centralized team responsible for managing supplier relationships, cost negotiations, and purchasing strategies across worldwide retail operations. 

GPSR stands for General Product Safety Directive - a European Union regulation that ensures products sold in the EU are safe for consumer use. 

GTIN stands for Global Trade Item Number - a globally recognized 14-digit code used to uniquely identify products, items, and services in the supply chain. 

GV stands for Glance Views - the number of times a product’s detail page is viewed by customers on Amazon. 

H1 refers to the first half of the calendar or fiscal year, typically covering the period from January 1 to June 30. 

H2 refers to the second half of the calendar or fiscal year, typically covering the period from July 1 to December 31.

Hazmat refers to hazardous materials - products that are flammable, toxic, corrosive, pressurized, or otherwise pose safety risks and require special handling and storage procedures. 

HB stands for Heavy Bulky - a classification Amazon uses for large or heavy products that require special handling, storage, or delivery logistics. 

HCPO stands for High Confidence Purchase Order - a type of Amazon PO generated with high certainty based on strong demand signals and predictive accuracy. 

HOTW stands for Hands Off The Wheel - Amazon’s initiative to automate retail operations by minimizing manual intervention from Vendor and Retail teams. 

HPC stands for Health and Personal Care - a major product category on Amazon that includes wellness, hygiene, and self-care items. 

HPO stands for Hot Purchase Order - a high-priority order issued by Amazon, typically requiring faster processing and shipment due to urgent demand or promotional timing. 

HTD stands for Half Year to Date - a performance reporting period that measures results from the beginning of the year up through the end of the first half (typically January 1 to June 30). 

IB stands for Inbound - a logistics term referring to the movement of inventory into Amazon’s fulfilment network from vendors or sellers. 

IDQ stands for Item Data Quality - a metric Amazon uses to evaluate the completeness and accuracy of product listings, such as titles, bullet points, images, and other key content fields. 

Impressions refer to the number of times a product or ad is shown to a customer on Amazon - such as in search results, category pages, or sponsored ad placements. 

Incoterms are standardized international rules that define the responsibilities of buyers and sellers in global trade, particularly around shipping, insurance, customs, and delivery.

IOR stands for Importer of Record - the legal entity responsible for ensuring that imported goods comply with customs regulations and for paying duties, taxes, and fees.

IP stands for Intellectual Property - legally protected creations of the mind, such as brand names, logos, inventions, designs, and content.

IPCP stands for Inbound Preferred Carrier Programme - Amazon’s initiative that encourages vendors and sellers to use Amazon-approved carriers for delivering shipments into Amazon fulfilment centers. 

IPI stands for Inventory Performance Index - Amazon’s score that measures how well FBA sellers manage their inventory, based on factors like sell-through rate, excess inventory, and in-stock performance. 

IPIP stands for Items Per Inner Pack - the number of individual retail units contained within one inner pack or case during shipping. 

IPMP stands for Inner Packs Per Master Pack - the number of inner packs contained within a single master carton or case. 

IRDR stands for Inventory Record Defect Ratio - a metric Amazon uses to measure how accurately a seller’s or fulfillment center’s recorded inventory matches the actual physical inventory. 

ISA stands for Inbound Shipment Appointment - a scheduled delivery time for inventory arriving at an Amazon Fulfillment Center (FC). 

ISBN stands for International Standard Book Number - a unique 13-digit identifier used globally to catalog and sell books. 

IXD stands for Inbound Cross Dock - a type of Amazon facility that receives shipments from vendors or sellers and redistributes them to multiple fulfillment centers, rather than shipping directly to customers. 

JBP stands for Joint Business Plan - a collaborative agreement between Amazon and a 1P vendor outlining shared goals, strategies, and growth initiatives for a defined period.

KDP stands for Kindle Direct Publishing - Amazon’s self-publishing platform that allows authors and publishers to publish and sell eBooks and paperbacks directly to customers on Amazon.

KPI stands for Key Performance Indicator - a measurable metric used to track how well a business, team, or individual is performing against specific goals. 

KVI stands for Key Value Item - a highly visible or frequently purchased product that strongly influences customer price perception and purchasing behavior. 

KYC stands for Know Your Customer - a verification process used to confirm the identity of businesses or individuals before they can legally sell on Amazon. 

LBB stands for Lost Buy Box - the condition when a seller or vendor no longer holds the Buy Box on a product detail page, resulting in lost visibility and potential sales. 

LBO stands for Lost Business Opportunity - a metric Amazon uses to measure potential sales lost due to factors like out-of-stock items, Buy Box loss, or delayed shipments.

LCL stands for Less Than Container Load - a shipping method where goods from multiple vendors or sellers are consolidated into a single container because no single shipment fills the entire container. 

LD stands for Lightning Deal - a time-limited promotional offer on Amazon, usually running for 4 to 6 hours, featuring a product at a special discounted price. 

LFO stands for Lost Featured Offer - a metric indicating how often a seller or vendor’s product was not the Featured Offer on the Amazon product detail page when it was eligible to be. 

Listing Optimisation is the process of enhancing a product detail page to improve its visibility, relevance, and conversion rate in Amazon’s organic search results. 

LPN stands for License Plate Number - a unique barcode label that Amazon assigns to each individual inventory unit in its fulfilment centers for tracking and internal processing. 

LPR stands for License Plate Receive - an Amazon receiving method where fulfilment center staff scan a single external barcode (like an SSCC or AMZNCC) on a carton or pallet to register all enclosed units, eliminating the need to scan each item individually.

LSPL stands for Large Scale Product Launch - a vendor-focused Amazon program that accelerates the launch of new products by increasing inventory coverage in exchange for marketing investment, without the option for product returns.

LTL stands for Less Than Truckload - a freight shipping method used when a shipment doesn’t fill an entire truck and is consolidated with other shipments.

MAP stands for Minimum Advertised Price - the lowest price a reseller is allowed to publicly display for a product, as defined by the brand. This policy is enforceable only in the United States. 

 A Marketplace refers to a specific regional Amazon domain (such as Amazon.com or Amazon.de) where buyers and sellers transact within a defined country or geographic region. 

MCF stands for Multi-Channel Fulfilment - a service that lets brands use Amazon’s fulfilment network to store and ship orders from other sales channels, like their own website or third-party marketplaces. 

MCP stands for Matching Compensation - a financial contribution requested by Amazon from vendors to help offset low or negative margins, allowing the product to remain active in the catalog. 

MDA stands for Major Domestic Appliances - large household appliances such as refrigerators, washing machines, ovens, and dishwashers. 

MDF stands for Marketing Discretionary Funding - a vendor contribution offered during negotiations to support Amazon-led marketing initiatives throughout the year. 

MF stands for Merchant Fulfilled - a fulfillment model where sellers store, pack, and ship products directly to customers, rather than using Amazon’s FBA service. 

MFC stands for Amazon Manufacturing Central - a platform designed to help manufacturers share product data directly with Amazon to support catalogue accuracy and retail readiness. 

MFP stands for Minimum Featured Price - the lowest price at which a product has been featured in the Buy Box (Featured Offer) over a specific period. 

ML stands for Machine Learning - a subset of artificial intelligence that enables systems to automatically learn from data and improve over time without being explicitly programmed. 

MLA stands for Machine Learning Algorithm - a mathematical model that enables systems to learn from data, identify patterns, and make predictions or decisions automatically. 

MMA stands for Minimum Margin Agreement - a negotiated commitment between Amazon and a vendor to maintain a baseline profit margin on products sold through the 1P (Vendor Central) model. 

MOA stands for Manufacturer on Amazon Policy - Amazon’s internal guidelines and expectations for manufacturers who sell or are represented on the platform, either directly or through authorized resellers. 

MoM stands for Month over Month - a metric used to compare performance results from one month to the previous month to measure short-term growth or decline. 

MOQ stands for Minimum Order Quantity - the smallest quantity of a product that a manufacturer, vendor, or supplier is willing to sell or that Amazon must purchase in a single order. 

MP stands for Marketplace - the specific Amazon regional domain where products are listed and sold, such as Amazon.com, Amazon.co.uk, or Amazon.de. 

MPPP stands for Master Packs Per Pallet - the number of master cartons or cases that are stacked together on a single pallet for shipping to Amazon’s fulfillment centers. 

MSRP stands for Manufacturer’s Suggested Retail Price - the price recommended by a brand or manufacturer as the ideal selling price for a product. 

MTD stands for Month to Date - a reporting period that tracks performance metrics from the first day of the current month up to the present date. 

MWS stands for Marketplace Web Services - Amazon’s legacy API system that allows sellers and developers to programmatically manage their Amazon selling accounts and operations. 

NAFN stands for North American Fulfilment Network - Amazon’s integrated cross-border fulfillment system that allows sellers to store inventory in one country and fulfill orders across the U.S., Canada, and Mexico. 

NARF stands for North American Remote Fulfilment - a program that allows Amazon FBA sellers to fulfill orders from Canada and Mexico using inventory stored in U.S. fulfillment centers. 

NASP stands for North American Selection Policy - Amazon’s internal policy that governs which products are eligible to be listed and sold across its North American marketplaces (U.S., Canada, and Mexico). 

NCNS stands for No-Call-No-Show - a failure to appear for a scheduled Amazon fulfillment center delivery without prior notice or cancellation. 

NCX stands for Negative Customer Experience - a metric Amazon uses to track orders that result in poor customer feedback, including returns, complaints, and negative reviews. 

NDA stands for Non-Disclosure Agreement - a legal contract that ensures confidential information shared between parties is not disclosed to unauthorized third parties. 

Net PPM stands for Net Pure Product Margin (or Profit) - a profitability metric used by Amazon to calculate how much actual margin a product earns after accounting for cost, price, and vendor-funded deductions. 

Net PPU stands for Net Pure Profit Per Unit - the actual dollar amount Amazon earns in profit for each unit sold, after subtracting cost and applying vendor-funded offsets like Contra-COGS. 

Net Receipts represent the total value of inventory Amazon has received from a vendor, calculated as the number of units received multiplied by the vendor's cost per unit. 

NIS stands for New Item Setup - the process of creating and onboarding a new product listing in Amazon’s catalog, including all required data, images, and compliance documentation. 

nIXD stands for National Inbound Cross Dock - a specialized Amazon facility that receives freight from vendors or sellers across the country and redistributes it to multiple fulfillment centers. These sites do not fulfill customer orders. 

NP stands for New Product - a term used to identify a newly introduced item in Amazon’s catalog, either launched by a vendor or a third-party seller. 

NPD stands for New Product Development - the end-to-end process of designing, developing, and launching a new product into the market, including research, testing, and Amazon listing strategy. 

NPL stands for New Product Launch - the process of introducing a newly developed product to the Amazon marketplace, supported by marketing, inventory planning, and performance tracking strategies. 

NR stands for Non-Replenishable - a designation for products that Amazon does not plan to reorder or restock once current inventory is sold through. 

NS or NONSORT stands for Non-Sortable Item - a classification Amazon uses for products that are too large or heavy to be processed through its standard automated fulfillment systems. 

NS or NONSORT stands for Non-Sortable Item - a classification Amazon uses for products that are too large or heavy to be processed through its standard automated fulfillment systems. 

NTB stands for New to Brand - a metric in Amazon Advertising that identifies whether a purchase was made by a customer who has not bought from that brand within the past 12 months. 

NTS stands for Net Sales - the total revenue generated from product sales after subtracting returns, discounts, allowances, and other deductions. 

O2C stands for Order to Cash - the full end-to-end process of managing and fulfilling a sale to Amazon, from receiving a purchase order to collecting payment. 

OA stands for Online Arbitrage - a retail strategy where sellers purchase discounted or clearance products from online stores and resell them on Amazon at a higher price for profit. 

OB stands for Obsolete - a status indicating that a product is outdated, no longer supported, or no longer sold by Amazon due to low demand, lifecycle end, or replacement by a newer version.

OB can also stand for Outbound - referring to the process of picking, packing, and shipping products from an Amazon fulfillment center to customers or other facilities. 

ODR stands for Order Defect Rate - a key performance metric that measures the percentage of a seller’s orders with reported issues, such as negative feedback, A-to-Z claims, or chargebacks. 

OH stands for On Hand - the total quantity of inventory currently available and physically stored at Amazon’s fulfillment centers. 

OHL stands for Other Hardlines - an Amazon product category that includes various durable goods that don’t fall into traditional hardline subcategories like electronics or tools. 

OIH stands for Order Inventory Health - a metric Amazon uses to assess how well a vendor’s or seller’s inventory supports active and expected customer demand. 

OLR stands for Organisation and Leadership Review - an internal Amazon process used to evaluate team performance, leadership effectiveness, and talent development.

OMOQ stands for Offer Minimum Order Quantity - the smallest number of units a customer must purchase in a single transaction for a specific Amazon offer to be eligible.

OMS stands for Order Management System - a software platform used to track, manage, and process customer orders across multiple sales channels, including Amazon.

OOS stands for Out of Stock - a status indicating that an item is currently unavailable for purchase due to lack of inventory.

OpEx stands for Operational Excellence - Amazon’s focus on maintaining high standards in efficiency, accuracy, and execution across all areas of operations.

OPS stands for Ordered Product Sales - the total value of products ordered by customers before cancellations, returns, or adjustments. Also known as Ordered Revenue.

Ordered Revenue is the total value of customer orders placed on Amazon that have not yet been shipped, calculated using the average selling price (ASP) at the time the order was placed.

Ordered Volume refers to the total number of product units that customers have ordered during a specific time period — typically calculated by dividing Ordered Revenue by the Average Selling Price (ASP).

OTC stands for Over the Counter - a classification for health-related products that can be purchased without a prescription. 

 OTIF stands for On Time, In-Full - a logistics performance metric Amazon uses to evaluate whether a vendor’s shipment was delivered by the promised date and whether the correct quantity was received.

OTP stands for One-Time Password - a temporary, single-use code used to verify a user’s identity for secure login or transaction on Amazon platforms.

P1 stands for Priority 1 - a label Amazon uses to classify the most urgent and business-critical issues that require immediate attention and resolution.

P2 stands for Priority 2 - a classification for high-priority issues that are important and impactful but do not require an immediate, emergency-level response like a P1 incident.

P2G stands for Path to Green - Amazon’s internal planning term for the steps needed to bring a project, metric, or performance area back into acceptable (or “green”) status.

P3 stands for Priority 3 - a classification for moderate-impact issues or feature requests that are important but do not require urgent attention and do not disrupt core business functions.

P70 is Amazon’s forecast estimate indicating there’s a 70% probability that weekly customer demand for a product will be at or below the given value.

P80 is Amazon’s demand forecast indicating there is an 80% probability that weekly customer demand will be at or below the projected number.

P90 is Amazon’s forecast level indicating there’s a 90% probability that weekly customer demand will be at or below the given value.

Parent ASIN is the top-level identifier Amazon uses to group multiple product variations (child ASINs) under a single listing - helping customers view all options like size, color, or flavor on one product page.

 PB stands for Private Brand - a product line owned and developed by Amazon (or another retailer) and sold under a proprietary brand name, typically offering exclusive products at competitive prices.

PBDD stands for Prime Big Deal Days - a major Amazon shopping event offering exclusive discounts to Prime members, typically held in Q4 as a second Prime-focused sales period alongside Prime Day.

PBS stands for Predictive Buying System - Amazon’s internal forecasting tool that predicts future customer demand and generates automated purchase orders for 1P vendors based on that data.

Personal Care Appliances (PCA) refer to electrical grooming and hygiene devices designed for personal use, such as hair dryers, electric shavers, trimmers, hair straighteners, epilators, and similar small appliances.

Product Cost of Goods Sold (PCOGS) represents the total cost incurred by a vendor for the products sold to Amazon, calculated as the quantity of units shipped multiplied by the vendor’s unit cost price. In Vendor Central, PCOGS is equivalent to Shipped COGS.

Percentage (PCT) represents a proportional value expressed as a fraction of 100, commonly used across Amazon’s reporting and analytics to indicate growth rates, performance ratios, or share of total.

Prime Day (PD) is Amazon’s flagship annual global shopping event, exclusive to Prime members, offering major discounts and promotions across nearly all categories. It typically takes place in June or July and lasts two days or more, depending on the year and region.

Prime Day 1 (PD1) refers to the first day of Amazon’s annual Prime Day event, typically held in June or July, during which Amazon offers exclusive deals and discounts to Prime members worldwide.

Prime Day 2 (PD2) refers to Amazon’s second major Prime event of the year, typically held in October or November, also known as the Prime Fall Deal Event or Fall Prime Day. It offers exclusive discounts for Prime members ahead of the holiday shopping season.

Prime Day 4 (PD4) refers to the four-day version of Amazon’s Prime Day event, typically held in June or July, where Amazon extends its flagship Prime Day promotion over four consecutive days instead of the usual two.

Product Display Ads (PDA) were one of Amazon’s legacy advertising formats, allowing vendors and sellers to promote specific products using interest-based or product-targeted display ads that appeared on product detail pages, customer review pages, or below the Buy Box.

A Product Detail Page (PDP) is the dedicated webpage on Amazon where a shopper views all information about a specific product, including images, title, price, bullet points, description, reviews, and purchase options.

A Prime Exclusive Deal (PED), also called a Prime Exclusive Discount, is a limited-time price promotion available only to Amazon Prime members, offering special discounts clearly marked on product detail pages and search results.

Please Find Attached (PFA) is a common business email abbreviation used to indicate that one or more files are included as attachments within the message.

Provisions for Receivables (PFR) is an accounting and cash flow management practice used by Amazon to balance vendor payments against outstanding amounts such as trade term deductions, chargebacks, and unresolved financial disputes. Under PFR, Amazon delays or partially offsets vendor invoice payments until the vendor’s outstanding liabilities are smaller than or equal to the invoice amount.

Perfect Inbound (PIB) is an Amazon supply chain performance metric that measures the percentage or number of inbound shipments that are received by Amazon fulfilment centres accurately, on time, and without any issues - such as labelling errors, missing units, or shipment delays.

Perfect Inbound Defect Rate (PIBDR) is an Amazon operational metric that measures the percentage of inbound defects - such as labelling errors, quantity mismatches, or packaging issues - relative to the total number of units received at Amazon fulfilment centres.

PICS - Pan-European Inbound Consolidation Service

 Pan-European Inbound Consolidation Service (PICS) is an Amazon logistics programme that allows vendors to ship their products to a single consolidation point within the EU, from which Amazon distributes the goods to multiple fulfilment centres across Europe.

P&L stands for Profit and Loss - a financial statement that summarizes a business’s revenues, costs, and expenses over a specific period to show whether it made a profit or incurred a loss.

Private Label (PL) refers to products sold by Amazon under its own brand names, but manufactured by third-party suppliers or vendors. These items are designed, sourced, and marketed by Amazon as exclusive in-house brands

 Procurement Lead Time (PLT) refers to the total time required to source, purchase, and receive goods - from the moment an order is placed with a supplier to when the items are available for shipment or production.

PO - Purchase Order

 A Purchase Order (PO) is a formal document issued by Amazon to a vendor, specifying the products, quantities, and agreed prices that Amazon intends to purchase. It serves as a legally binding contract between Amazon (the buyer) and the vendor (the seller).

POA - Plan of Action

 A Plan of Action (POA) is a formal document or written explanation submitted by a seller or vendor to Amazon, outlining the steps they have taken (or will take) to resolve a performance, policy, or compliance issue that led to an account, ASIN, or listing suspension.

POC - Point of Contact

 Point of Contact (POC) refers to the designated individual or team responsible for communication and coordination between Amazon and a vendor, seller, or partner regarding a specific business, operational, or technical matter.

POCA - Purchase Order Change Acknowledgment

 Purchase Order Change Acknowledgment (POCA) is an EDI message used by vendors to confirm acceptance or rejection of a Purchase Order Change Request (POC) sent by Amazon. It serves as a formal, electronic confirmation that the vendor has received and processed Amazon’s requested modifications to an existing Purchase Order (PO).

POD - Proof of Delivery

 Proof of Delivery (POD) is a document or digital confirmation that verifies a shipment has been successfully delivered to Amazon’s fulfilment centre, consolidation hub, or final customer, including details such as delivery time, date, and recipient signature.

PPA - Price Pack Architecture

 Price Pack Architecture (PPA) refers to the strategic design of product packaging and pricing combinations used to target different customer segments, price points, and shopping occasions - optimising assortment, value perception, and profitability across Amazon and other retail channels.

PPA - Price Protection Agreement

 Price Protection Agreement (PPA) is a contractual arrangement between Amazon and a vendor that protects Amazon from losses caused by a price reduction on units already purchased, received, or in transit. When the vendor lowers the wholesale price of a product, the PPA ensures Amazon is compensated for the resulting loss in inventory value.

PPC - Pay Per Click

 Pay Per Click (PPC) is a performance-based advertising model used on Amazon in which a brand, vendor, or seller pays only when a shopper clicks on their ad, rather than when the ad is displayed.

PPM - Pure Profit Margin

 Pure Profit Margin (PPM) is an Amazon retail profitability metric that measures the difference between the average selling price (ASP) and the average cost per unit, expressed as a percentage of the selling price. It represents how much profit Amazon earns from selling a product before deducting additional costs such as fulfilment, advertising, and operations.

PPOOS - Procurable Product Out of Stock

 Procurable Product Out of Stock (PPOOS) measures the out-of-stock rate for all products that are considered procurable - meaning Amazon can actively replenish them from a vendor. It is calculated as the percentage of customer glance views (GVs) that occur when procurable ASINs are unavailable for purchase.

PPPU - Pure Profit Per Unit

 Pure Profit Per Unit (PPPU) is an Amazon retail profitability metric that measures the absolute amount of profit Amazon earns per unit sold, before accounting for additional costs such as fulfilment, shipping, or marketing. It represents the pure monetary value of the margin generated from each product sold.

PPU - Price Per Unit

 Price Per Unit (PPU) is the standardised cost of a product expressed per single unit of measure - such as per item, per litre, per kilogram, or per count - allowing customers and Amazon to easily compare product value across different pack sizes and brands.

PPV - Product Price Variation

 Product Price Variation (PPV) refers to a discrepancy between the cost price stated on a vendor’s invoice and the cost price listed on Amazon’s purchase order (PO). It indicates a mismatch in unit pricing between what Amazon expected to pay and what the vendor billed.

PQV - Product Quantity Variation

 Product Quantity Variation (PQV) occurs when the quantity of products invoiced by a vendor does not match the number of units Amazon confirms as received at its fulfilment centre (FC). It represents a discrepancy between the invoiced quantity and the actual physical receipt of goods.

PR - Planned Replenishment

 Planned Replenishment (PR) refers to the forecast-based process through which Amazon automatically generates purchase orders (POs) to maintain optimal inventory levels for products based on demand trends, sales velocity, and stock availability.

Prime - Amazon Prime

 Amazon Prime is Amazon’s paid membership programme that offers subscribers a bundle of benefits - including free and fast delivery, exclusive shopping deals, and access to digital entertainment services such as Prime Video, Prime Music, and Prime Reading.

PRO - Progressive Number

 Progressive Number (PRO) is a unique tracking identifier assigned by a carrier to a specific shipment or freight load. It allows Amazon, vendors, and logistics partners to track the movement and delivery status of goods throughout the transportation process.

Q1 - First Quarter (January–March)

 Q1, or the First Quarter, refers to the first three months of the financial year - January, February, and March - used by Amazon and vendors for financial reporting, sales performance analysis, and operational planning.

Q2 - Second Quarter (April–June)

Q2, or the Second Quarter, refers to the three-month period from April through June in Amazon’s financial and operational calendar. It is a key quarter focused on growth acceleration, Prime Day preparation, and mid-year performance optimisation.

Q3 - Third Quarter (July–September)

Q3, or the Third Quarter, refers to the three-month period from July through September in Amazon’s financial and operational calendar. It is the quarter that captures the aftermath of Prime Day and focuses on inventory normalisation, back-to-school season, and early Q4 preparation.

Q4 - Fourth Quarter (October–December)

 Q4, or the Fourth Quarter, refers to the three-month period from October through December in Amazon’s financial and operational year. It is the most critical quarter for both Amazon and its vendors, marked by peak seasonal demand, holiday shopping events, and year-end financial closure.

Q5 - Fifth Quarter (colloquial)

The Fifth Quarter (Q5) is a colloquial term used within Amazon and the wider retail industry to describe the period immediately following the Christmas and holiday season - typically January to early February. It represents a hectic phase of returns processing, inventory resets, and post-holiday performance analysis.

QA - Quality Assurance

Quality Assurance (QA) is the systematic process of ensuring that Amazon’s operations, products, and services meet defined quality standards. It focuses on preventing defects, maintaining consistency, and improving customer satisfaction through proactive checks and continuous process improvement.

QBR - Quarterly Business Review

Quarterly Business Review (QBR) is a strategic performance meeting held every quarter between Amazon and a vendor (or key internal teams) to review results, identify growth opportunities, and align on future business plans.

QD - Quantity Discount

Quantity Discount (QD) is a tiered pricing mechanism available on Amazon Business that allows buyers to receive discounted prices when purchasing larger quantities of a product from a single seller or vendor.

QUID - Quantitative Ingredient Declaration

Quantitative Ingredient Declaration (QUID) is a regulatory requirement for product labelling that specifies the percentage or proportion of certain ingredients contained in a food, beverage, or cosmetic product. It ensures transparency and consistency for consumers comparing similar products.

RA - Retail Arbitrage

Retail Arbitrage (RA) is a reselling practice where individuals or businesses purchase discounted or clearance products from retail stores or online marketplaces and resell them on Amazon at a higher price to make a profit.

RGM - Revenue Growth Management

Revenue Growth Management (RGM) is a strategic framework used by Amazon and vendors to maximise profitable growth by optimising key commercial levers - including pricing, promotions, assortment, and trade investments - while balancing both revenue and margin objectives.

rIXD - Regional Inbound Cross Dock

Regional Inbound Cross Dock (rIXD) is an Amazon logistics facility that receives freight from vendors or sellers within a specific region and then redistributes that inventory to multiple fulfilment centres (FCs).
Unlike standard FCs, rIXDs do not process customer orders - they exist solely to streamline inbound flow and optimise regional distribution efficiency.

ROAS - Return on Ad Spend

Return on Ad Spend (ROAS) measures how much revenue an advertiser earns for every unit of currency spent on advertising.
It quantifies the efficiency and profitability of Amazon Advertising campaigns and is calculated as:

ROI - Return on Investment

Return on Investment (ROI) is a financial performance metric that measures the profitability of an investment relative to its cost.
It shows how much return (gain or loss) Amazon, a vendor, or a seller earns for every unit of currency invested - calculated as:

ROO - Removal of Offer

Removal of Offer (ROO) refers to the temporary or permanent removal of a product’s Buy Box or active offer from Amazon’s retail website.
While the offer is inactive for new customers, existing Subscribe & Save (SnS) subscribers may continue to receive scheduled deliveries of the same product.

R&R - Roles and Responsibilities

Roles and Responsibilities (R&R) define the specific duties, ownership areas, and decision-making authority assigned to individuals or teams within Amazon or between Amazon and its vendors. It clarifies who is accountable for what, ensuring smooth collaboration and efficient execution of business processes.

RRA - Rapid Retail Analytics

Rapid Retail Analytics (RRA) is an Amazon internal analytics platform that provides real-time data insights on retail performance, helping Amazon teams and vendors quickly identify sales trends, operational issues, and growth opportunities across categories, ASINs, and regions.

RRP - Recommended Retail Price

Recommended Retail Price (RRP) is the manufacturer’s or brand’s suggested selling price for a product.
It serves as a reference point for retailers and customers, indicating the standard market value before discounts or promotions are applied.

RSP - Retail Selling Price

Retail Selling Price (RSP) is the final price paid by a customer at the point of sale on Amazon.
It reflects the actual selling price after all discounts, promotions, or dynamic pricing adjustments have been applied — in contrast to the Recommended Retail Price (RRP), which is only a suggested benchmark.

RVR - Retail Vendor Recruitment

Retail Vendor Recruitment (RVR) is the process by which Amazon identifies, approaches, and onboards new vendors to expand its first-party (1P) retail selection.
The goal is to grow Amazon’s product catalogue, improve category coverage, and strengthen relationships with emerging or strategic brands.

S2P - Source to Pay

Source to Pay (S2P) is an end-to-end procurement process that covers all stages from sourcing and supplier selection to purchasing and final payment.
It defines how Amazon - or any retail organisation - identifies, evaluates, contracts, and pays vendors or service providers in a structured, compliant, and efficient manner.

SAS - Strategic Account Services

Strategic Account Services (SAS) is an Amazon programme that provides sellers with dedicated account management support from an assigned Amazon account manager.
Its purpose is to help sellers accelerate growth, improve operational performance, and optimise their business through personalised strategic guidance and data-driven insights.

SB - Sponsored Brands

Sponsored Brands (SB) is an Amazon Advertising format that promotes a brand logo, headline, and multiple products within search results and on product detail pages.
It helps increase brand visibility, drive top-of-funnel awareness, and encourage shoppers to explore a seller’s or vendor’s brand store or product portfolio.

SBSAS - Standards for Brands Selling in the Amazon Store Policy

Standards for Brands Selling in the Amazon Store (SBSAS) is an Amazon policy framework that defines the eligibility, compliance, and performance standards required for brands to sell directly in Amazon’s store.
It ensures that participating brands maintain high-quality listings, authentic products, and a consistent customer experience aligned with Amazon’s retail standards.

SC - Seller Central

Seller Central (SC) is Amazon’s online management platform for third-party sellers (3P) to list, market, price, and sell their products directly to customers on Amazon’s marketplace.
It serves as the primary administrative interface for managing catalogue data, fulfilment, advertising, reporting, and customer service operations.

SCAC - Standard Carrier Alpha Code

Standard Carrier Alpha Code (SCAC) is a unique four-letter identifier assigned to freight carriers, used to standardise and simplify carrier identification across shipping, logistics, and documentation systems.

SCM - Supply Chain Management

Supply Chain Management (SCM) refers to the end-to-end coordination of activities involved in sourcing, producing, transporting, and delivering products from suppliers to customers.
In Amazon’s context, SCM ensures inventory availability, cost efficiency, and fast, reliable delivery across its global logistics network.

SCP - Supply Chain Programme

Supply Chain Programme (SCP) refers to Amazon’s structured set of logistics and fulfilment programmes designed to optimise product flow between vendors, fulfilment centres, and customers.
Each SCP defines specific operational models, service levels, and responsibilities for how inventory is supplied, stored, and delivered within Amazon’s network.

SD - Sales Discount

Sales Discount (SD) refers to the promotional reduction in price applied to a customer’s order during checkout on Amazon.
These discounts are typically funded by Amazon, the vendor, or both, and are designed to stimulate demand, increase conversion, or support marketing campaigns.

SDA - Selective Distribution Agreement

Selective Distribution Agreement (SDA) is a legal and commercial framework that allows a manufacturer or brand owner to control which distributors or resellers may sell its products.
Only partners who meet specific quality, service, and brand criteria are authorised to distribute the products - ensuring brand integrity, consistent customer experience, and protection from grey-market sales.

SDA - Small Domestic Appliances

Small Domestic Appliances (SDA) refer to household electrical appliances designed for everyday domestic use, typically small in size and used for kitchen, cleaning, grooming, or comfort-related tasks.

SDN - Selective Distribution Network

Selective Distribution Network (SDN) refers to the authorised group of distributors and resellers that operate under a Selective Distribution Agreement (SDA).
These partners are carefully chosen by the brand or manufacturer based on specific criteria such as quality standards, expertise, and brand representation requirements.

SEO - Search Engine Optimisation

Search Engine Optimisation (SEO) is the process of improving product or content visibility in search results - both on Amazon’s internal search engine and on external platforms like Google - to increase organic traffic and conversion without paid advertising.

SFP - Seller Fulfilled Prime

Seller Fulfilled Prime (SFP) is an Amazon fulfilment programme that allows qualified third-party sellers to ship products directly from their own warehouses while still offering Prime benefits - including fast delivery, reliable service, and the Prime badge - by meeting Amazon’s strict performance and service-level requirements.

Shipped COGS - Shipped Cost of Goods Sold

Shipped Cost of Goods Sold (Shipped COGS) represents the total cost of goods Amazon has shipped to end customers during a specific time period, based on the vendor’s cost price at the time of purchase.
It reflects the actual cost value of shipped units and is calculated as:

Shipped COGS=Vendor Cost Price×Volume Shipped

Shipped COGS is financially equivalent to Amazon’s PCOGS (Product Cost of Goods Sold) metric.

Shipped Revenue - Shipped Sales Revenue

Shipped Revenue represents the total sales value Amazon earns from shipping a vendor’s products to end customers during a given time period.
It is calculated using the Average Selling Price (ASP) at the time of shipment multiplied by the number of units shipped:

Shipped Revenue=ASP×Volume Shipped (to end customers)

Shipped Volume - Volume of Units Shipped

Shipped Volume represents the total number of product units shipped to end customers during a specific time period.
It is calculated by dividing Shipped Revenue by the Average Selling Price (ASP):

Shipped Volume=Shipped Revenue/ASP

SIA - Sell-In Agreement

Sell-In Agreement (SIA) refers to a margin funding arrangement between Amazon and a vendor, in which the vendor grants Amazon a fixed percentage or dollar amount per shipped unit to Amazon fulfilment centres.
The goal is to improve Amazon’s buying margin and profitability on the vendor’s products.

SIOC - Ships in Own Container

Ships in Own Container (SIOC) refers to products that are shipped to customers in their original manufacturer packaging without requiring an additional Amazon overbox.
These products are certified to meet Amazon’s packaging standards for protection, labelling, and presentation, allowing them to be shipped as-is.

SIPP - Ships in Product Packaging

Ships in Product Packaging (SIPP) refers to products that are shipped to customers in their original manufacturer packaging without requiring an additional Amazon overbox.
It is equivalent to SIOC (Ships in Own Container) and indicates that the product’s existing packaging meets Amazon’s standards for protection, labelling, and shipping readiness.

SKU - Stock Keeping Unit

Stock Keeping Unit (SKU) is a unique alphanumeric code used by Amazon and vendors to identify, track, and manage individual products within their inventory systems.
Each SKU represents a distinct item, including variations such as size, colour, or configuration.

SLA - Service Level Agreement

Service Level Agreement (SLA) is a formal performance contract between Amazon and a vendor, seller, or service provider that defines the expected standards, timelines, and quality metrics for specific operational processes - such as shipping, delivery, fulfilment, or customer service.

SnL - Small and Light

Small and Light (SnL) is an Amazon fulfilment programme designed for low-cost, compact, and lightweight products, allowing sellers and vendors to benefit from reduced fulfilment and shipping fees while maintaining Prime delivery speed for eligible ASINs.

SnS - Subscribe and Save

Subscribe and Save (SnS) is an Amazon customer loyalty and replenishment programme that allows shoppers to schedule automatic repeat deliveries of everyday consumable products at a discounted price.
In return, brands and vendors benefit from consistent recurring sales and stronger customer retention.

SOA - Sell-Out Agreement

Sell-Out Agreement (SOA) is a margin funding arrangement between Amazon and a vendor, where the vendor grants Amazon a fixed percentage or dollar amount per item sold to end customers.
The purpose is to support Amazon’s retail profitability and maintain competitive pricing at the point of sale.

SOH - Sellable on Hand

Sellable on Hand (SOH) represents the total quantity of inventory units currently available for sale in Amazon’s fulfilment centres or vendor-owned warehouses that are in sellable condition (i.e., not damaged, reserved, or in transit).

SoROOS - Sourceable Replenishment Out of Stock

Sourceable Replenishment Out of Stock (SoROOS) is an Amazon availability metric that measures how often a product appears as unavailable for purchase on the product detail page, even though it can still be replenished from a 1P vendor.
It highlights temporary interruptions in buyability caused by operational, quality, or compliance issues rather than permanent delisting.

SORT - Sortable

Sortable (SORT) refers to products that fit within Amazon’s standard parcel dimensions and can therefore be processed, stored, and shipped through Amazon’s automated fulfilment network using conveyor systems and standard packaging.

SOV - Share of Voice

Share of Voice (SOV) is a visibility metric that measures the percentage of total impressions or placements a brand or ASIN holds within a specific Amazon search term, category, or advertising space - compared to competitors.
It reflects how prominently a brand “owns” the search results and ad placements relative to others.

SP-API - Selling Partner API

The Selling Partner API (SP-API) is a suite of REST-based APIs that enables Amazon’s selling partners - both sellers (3P) and vendors (1P) - to programmatically access their account data, automate operations, and integrate directly with Amazon’s Seller Central or Vendor Central systems.

SPD - Small Parcel Delivery

Small Parcel Delivery (SPD) refers to shipments consisting of individually packaged boxes that are delivered to Amazon fulfilment centres (FCs) or directly to customers via parcel carriers (e.g., UPS, FedEx, DHL).
Each box in an SPD shipment carries its own unique tracking ID, making it ideal for small-volume or lightweight inventory.

SPICS - Super Pan-European Inbound Consolidation Service

 Super Pan-European Inbound Consolidation Service (SPICS) is an enhanced version of Amazon’s PICS programme that allows vendors to supply multiple European marketplaces through a single inbound location, further reducing the number of fulfilment centres they need to ship to and simplifying pan-European logistics operations.

SPN - Service Provider Network

The Service Provider Network (SPN) is Amazon’s official directory of third-party service providers who support sellers and vendors with account management, listing optimisation, logistics, advertising, compliance, and other operational services.
It connects Amazon businesses with certified experts vetted by Amazon for quality and reliability.

SP - Small Parcel

Small Parcel (SP) refers to shipments that consist of small, individually packaged units delivered to Amazon fulfilment centres (FCs) or directly to customers through standard parcel carriers such as UPS, FedEx, or DHL.
SP shipments are carton-based rather than palletised and are typically processed through Amazon’s Sortable network.

SP - Sponsored Products

Sponsored Products (SP) are cost-per-click (CPC) advertisements on Amazon that promote individual product listings (ASINs) within search results and product detail pages. Advertisers - sellers or vendors - pay only when shoppers click on their ads, increasing product visibility and sales potential.